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Navigation

Modern Navigation Systems for Today’s Vehicles

BestCarAudio.com - March 6, 2022

NavigationPaper maps used to be the only way of planning route navigation. Before you, or perhaps your parents, set out on vacation, you would pick up maps for each state or province you planned to drive through, lay them out on the kitchen or dining room table, and highlight the route to take.

The problem with maps is that someone has to read them, and trying to read a map while driving is quite dangerous. Automakers realized that maybe technology could be used to make driving safer. This concept was the birth of the navigation system.

Through the 1980s, Toyota and Mazda worked on several different navigation systems for their cars. Some of these early navigation systems used digitized paper maps. In the 1990s, Mazda introduced the first GPS-based navigation system. Nowadays, most vehicles sold in North America have the option of navigation.

Navigation System Hardware

NavigationModern navigation systems have four key components. The first is a computer. This computer runs the navigation software that plans the route you have requested, tells you when to turn and advises you when you arrive. The second key component is the maps used with the navigation software. Two companies offer these maps, which are licensed to the end-user. The third component is the GPS receiver module and antenna. The GPS receiver lets the navigation system know where you are, and where you are headed. Finally, there is an interface. The interface is usually a touchscreen of some kind. The interface displays the maps and accepts the input of information to plan the route. Information can be typed on a touchscreen or spoken to the software and converted to text.

What is GPS?

NavigationGPS stands for Global Positioning System. The U.S. Department of Defense created the technology in 1975 and it was fully functional by 1995. The purpose of the system was to provide accurate location, speed and altitude data anywhere on the planet. The GPS system comprises about 30 satellites that orbit the Earth. Each one transmits a uniquely coded signal with a very accurate time stamp. The GPS receiver can, once it has acquired signals from several satellites, triangulate its location by comparing the difference in arrival time of each signal. The GPS system most of us are used to is called Navstar, and it is operated and maintained by the U.S. Air Force Space Command.

Many consumers refer to a Portable Navigation System (PNS) or in-dash navigation system as a GPS. While this term has become accepted, GPS is just one key component of a navigation system.

Not surprisingly, there is more than one GPS system in use globally. Russia operates a system called GLONASS, India has IRNSS, the Chinese have BeiDou-2 and the Europeans have Galileo. Some GPS receivers can capture information from multiple systems to improve accuracy. An example would be a radio-controlled camera drone – these use GLONASS and Navstar to provide more resolution regarding their position.

The signal sent to the navigation computer by the navigation receiver includes the longitude, latitude, heading (the direction you are traveling), altitude, velocity and the current time.

What are Navigation Maps?

Knowing where you are on the planet is great. The real key to a navigation system is its maps. Maps are available from one of two companies: TomTom, which purchased TeleAtlas in 2007, and Nokia, which purchased Navteq in 2008.

NavigationMaps are databases of roads stored as vectors. A vector is a line between two points. In the case of navigation road maps, the end points of the lines (or roads) are GPS coordinates. Most navigation map information contains additional information such as house numbers. If you have every wondered why some house or building addresses are off by a little bit, the reason is based on how addresses are stored. At one end of a street, or section of road, the map data contains the beginning house number. The other end of the street has the ending house number. Navigation systems spread out the difference between the two house numbers evenly along the length of the street. This predicted location does not always match reality because of geography – or pure randomness, based on the whim of the local municipal building department.

Navigation systems are useless without maps. They couldn’t plan routes or give directions. You are, quite literally, at the mercy of the quality and accuracy of the maps you own.

Working in conjunction with the map database is a Points of Interest (also known as POI) database. A POI database contains information about businesses and landmarks, and often includes a phone number. Depending on your navigation system, you may have as few as 1.5 million points of interest or as many as 11 million. The manufacturer decides how much they are willing to spend on this information. If your navigation system can search for gas stations, hotels, restaurants or hospitals, then the map data includes a POI database.

Some of the very first navigation systems used analog tape to store map and POI data. Yes – analog, magnetic tape! From that point, we moved to CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, hard disk drives and flash memory. The latest systems are based on smartphones and don’t have the map data permanently stored onboard – it’s all downloaded over the air, using a cellular connection in real time.

Modern Navigation System Features

NavigationModern navigation systems are amazing tools to help you travel safely and efficiently. These systems use extremely complex and proprietary algorithms to decide the best route between the starting and ending points of your route. The most basic of navigation software takes into consideration the size of the road (number of lanes and, if available, speed limit) and the direction of the turns you may have to make to complete the route. Navigation software companies are very protective of their route creation algorithms.

Modern navigation systems can accept real-time information to make route planning more accurate and efficient. The first upgrade was including traffic flow information. Many systems used FM antennae to capture traffic flow information that was broadcast in major urban areas. This technology is called RDS-TMC traffic, since the information was coded into the same frequency space as FM radio RDS information. Newer systems capture this traffic flow and accident information through the SiriusXM receiver. You do need a subscription to SiriusXM Traffic and, of course, supporting hardware in your vehicle to makes this work.

Apple CarPlay and Android Auto

If you have a vehicle with Apple CarPlay or Android Auto, your smartphone becomes an integral part of your navigation solution. Apple or Google stores map information and downloads it in real time through your smartphone’s data plan. The beauty of this solution is that you never, ever have to pay for map updates – the information is always being updated.

NavigationApple Maps and Google Maps both offer turn-by-turn navigation solutions that use each brand’s advanced voice recognition software. All you have to do is press a button and ask the system to take you to an address.

CarPlay and Android Auto navigation has the benefit of being able to acquire Point of Interest information directly from the Internet. If a new company opens and registers itself with Apple and Google, you can search for it right away.

One drawback of CarPlay and Android Auto is that the maps aren’t stored on the phone or in the vehicle. If you are traveling to another country, your cellular provider will charge roaming fees. (You can get roaming data plans to help minimize the cost, so that’s not a huge deal, but it has to be considered before you buy.) Another consideration is that these systems are constantly downloading map information. If you happen to have a cellular data plan with very limited bandwidth, this could eventually cost some money in data overage charges. These are not show-stoppers, just considerations.

Google Waze

Navigation-8.pngOne very popular navigation application used by people who live in high-traffic areas like Los Angeles, Toronto, San Francisco, Seattle, Honolulu, New Orleans or Chicago is called Waze. This application is available for iPhone and Android phones for free. The beauty of Waze is that other users provide traffic flow information, including detours, accidents and warnings for potholes, weather or even animals on the road. Waze offers crowd-sourced traffic information at its finest. Google purchased Waze in June of 2013 for $1.3 billion. If you run the risk of getting stuck in a traffic jam, try Waze; it’s quite impressive.

Using any navigation solution has its perils. If your co-pilot is reading directions from a paper map, or you are trying to drive while listening to voice prompts from a navigation system, there is always the risk of making an error while turning, merging or exiting. Always be careful when navigating and heed the rules of the road at all times.

If you are in the market for a navigation solution for your vehicle, visit your local mobile electronics specialist. They have many different solutions depending on the vehicle you drive. Some systems replace the factory radio, some work with it and some operate separately from it. They can show you the options for your vehicle.

This article is written and produced by the team at www.BestCarAudio.com. Reproduction or use of any kind is prohibited without the express written permission of 1sixty8 media.

Filed Under: ARTICLES, Car Audio, Navigation, RESOURCE LIBRARY

Adding Navigation To The Factory Color Screen In Your Vehicle

BestCarAudio.com - August 2, 2020

Adding NavigationLet’s say you purchased a brand-new Dodge Journey, Chevy Silverado or Ford F-150. The vehicle has a big color display for the audio system, and it may even show the heating and air conditioning controls on the same screen. But alas, it would have cost several thousand dollars to add the factory navigation system because the option package it was in included features you didn’t want. A sunroof, leather upholstery or automatic climate controls are all great options – but if adding navigation is what you want, then why pay for options you don’t need? Fear not – your local specialist car audio retailer can help you out.

Add-On Navigation Systems

Adding Navigation
The NTV-KIT607 Toyota Navigation Kit From NAV-TV.

Companies like NavTV and Advent have developed add-on navigation systems that work with factory radios and their color displays. The systems include a navigation computer and an integration module that allows graphics to be displayed on the factory screen. Many vehicles with a factory touchscreen can have those input commands fed into the navigation module. There are also some navigation kits that include their own touchscreen overlays for vehicles that don’t include a touch interface.

Expert Installation Required

The installation of these systems is plug-and-play. That being said, a great deal of vehicle disassembly is often required to make all the connections to the factory screen. Some vehicles require the touchscreen panel itself to be taken apart. Taking your new car apart is not something that should be done by someone without extensive experience. Panels can easily be scratched or crack if they are not maneuvered properly. It is best to seek out the assistance of a trained and experience installation technician. He or she will also need to locate the GPS antenna, connect to the factory audio system wiring for voice prompts and tap into the vehicle CAN bus.

Benefits Of Navigation

Adding Navigation
iGo offers enhanced safety and convenience while driving.

Navigation is more than just an intelligent mapping system. If you are traveling in an area that you are not familiar with, having maneuver prompts before having to turn or exit an interstate is not only convenient, but can reduce the chances of having to make a sudden and potentially dangerous lane change. It has also been proven that navigation systems save fuel by reducing the chances of getting lost or missing an exit.

Navigation Software

Adding Navigation
Full-Feature controls are offered by the iGo navigation systems.

Different manufacturers use different navigation software applications – Garmin and iGo are amongst the most popular. The mapping in the systems can be upgraded in the same manner as an aftermarket navigation radio: with downloads available from a manufacturer’s website. These systems include street addresses as well as Points of Interest (POI) information, so you can search for the name of a restaurant or hotel.

Want To Learn More About Adding Navigation?

If you have a vehicle from Ford, Chrysler, GM, Nissan, Honda or Toyota and would like to find out if you can add navigation to the factory screen, visit your local BestCarAudio.com specialist. They would be happy to research availability for the make, model and trim level of your vehicle. They can provide an estimate to supply the product, as well as install it for you. Give them a call today.

This article is written and produced by the team at www.BestCarAudio.com. Reproduction or use of any kind is prohibited without the express written permission of 1sixty8 media.

Filed Under: ARTICLES, Car Audio, Navigation, RESOURCE LIBRARY

Buying A New Car Audio Head Unit

BestCarAudio.com - March 18, 2020

Head-UnitWhen it comes time for buying an upgraded or replacement head unit for your vehicle, there are certainly a lot of options to consider. Size, features, compatibility and accessories are just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to modern source units. Let’s take a look at some basic radio-buying knowledge and a few of the latest features and innovations that vie for space in your dash.

Size And Style

Head Unit
As the name implies, a double din radio is twice as tall as a single din radio.

There are two sizes of aftermarket radios available: single-DIN and double-DIN. The former is 2 inches tall, the latter is 4 inches tall and both are 7 inches wide. One size isn’t better than the other; they are just different. Single-DIN is the most popular size for AM/FM CD receivers, and double-DIN (also known as 2-DIN) is more popular for multimedia receivers. There are some small-screen single-DIN multimedia decks and a good variety that have motorized flip-out touchscreen monitors.

Audio Features

Here is where your pre-purchase homework begins. What do you want your new radio (also known as a source unit) to do – iPod audio playback? Bluetooth hands-free cellphone and audio streaming? Backup camera display? Digital media playback? Consider how you use your existing radio and what features you’d like to have. Make yourself a list and take it with you to the store.

Head Unit
The Kenwood DDX393 head unit offers 3 sets of preamp outputs.

It will help your salesperson if you know whether you want to expand the audio system with better speakers, an amplifier or a subwoofer. If so, then you should look for a source unit with six-channel preamp outputs rated at a minimum of 4 volts RMS. The unit should have adjustable electronic crossovers and a subwoofer level control built in.

Are you going to use an external signal processor for equalization, or is the built-in unit adequate? Look for as many equalizer bands as possible if you are going to use the on-board processing. Some source units offer time alignment to delay the signals to the speakers for better imaging and staging. Imaging and staging refer to where it seems as if the music is coming from. Most audiophiles prefer for it to sound like the performance is coming from as far out in front of them as possible. Some people like to be surrounded by the sound. Let your salesperson know which you prefer.

Smartphone Integration

Most radios these days have the option of a Bluetooth transceiver. Bluetooth is a low-power data communication protocol. It can be used for hands-free phone calls, audio streaming and – beyond the car audio environment – much more. Take your phone with you to the store and pair it to the radio you are thinking of buying. Turn the power to the radio on and off a few times and make sure it reconnects every time. Have the store call your phone to make sure it rings as expected. Finally, try streaming audio from your phone to the radio.

Head Unit
Many radios now offer the safety and convenience of Apple CarPlay or Android Auto.

It’s critical to make sure the phone works properly before you purchase the radio. If the software on the phone is updated (something that seems to happen every few months), some features or functions may not work as intended. Some higher-end source units will allow two phones to be paired simultaneously. This could be beneficial to families who share the use of the vehicle.

There are several multimedia radios that include dedicated smartphone integration software for iPhone- and Android-based phones. Apple has developed the CarPlay system for the iPhone, and Google has Android Auto for newer Android devices. These interfaces let you talk to your radio to perform functions like reading and sending text messages, making phone calls, getting navigation instructions, and choosing what music to play.

Navigation

Head Unit
The Kenwood DNX892 offers sophisticated navigation features.

Multimedia source units have become synonymous with GPS navigation. Mapping software is built into the radio, and it knows where you are using a signal from a series of satellites that are in a stationary orbit around the world. These programs rely on complex algorithms and map data to plot an efficient course from your current location to a destination you choose. You are, however, at the mercy of the accuracy of the map data. You will want to inquire about the cost to upgrade maps, and what the procedure is. You will want to check to make sure that any state or province you want to travel to is included in the mapping on the unit.

Finally, ask about how many Points of Interest are included. If you love to get your coffee from Starbucks, then the more POI information there is, the faster you can get your java fix.

Digital Media Support

Most people now source their music from the Internet. Historically, MP3 and WMA files were popular. These files were very small, and you could put hundreds of them on a single CD and thousands on a DVD or USB stick. Their problem? The file size was reduced by throwing away some of the most subtle information in the music. The audio wasn’t completely ruined, but these didn’t sound as good as a CD.

Head Unit
The Sony RSX-GS9 is a high resolution player capable of playing FLAC files

The industry has seen a welcome focus on high-resolution audio files in the past few years with the rise in popularity of FLAC and ALAC file formats. FLAC stands for Free Lossless Audio Code and ALAC for Apple Lossless Audio Codec. These file formats are lossless – no audio information is removed. They are compressed in a similar way that “zipping” a computer file makes the file smaller for more efficient transmission by e-mail. These file formats also support higher resolution – audio frequencies up to almost 100 kHz and more detail in the form of 24-bit depth. If sound quality is your thing, then support for lossless audio might be worth investigating.

On multimedia source units, manufacturers have recently added support for the H.264 codec to the list of video file formats that can be decoded. H.264 is most often seen in video files with the MKV extension (known as Matroska). These files offer great image quality in relatively compact file sizes. Many newer multimedia units also feature an HDMI input so you can feed video into the unit from your phone, a video camera or even a game system. The better units have an associated feature called MHL. On Android phones, you can use the MHL connection to send touchscreen commands back to your phone. You can change source and play movies or music videos from your phone without touching it at all.

Accessories

We have grown accustomed to satellite radio being an option on many radios – in its current format, SiriusXM is now the only option. Be wary of older source units. They used tuner modules that are extremely rare these days. You may want to check for the inclusion of an HD radio tuner if there are stations in your area that use that as part of their FM broadcasting. Pandora and other cellphone-based streaming sources are also popular source unit options.

Head Unit
The Alpine HCE-C125 is a high-quality backup camera that offers great image clarity.

With a multimedia radio, you will want to look at adding a backup camera. Backup cameras dramatically reduce the chance of having an accident while backing up your vehicle. The camera image appears on the screen of your radio as soon as you put the vehicle transmission in reverse. Some multimedia radios have the provision for a secondary camera – a forward-facing camera is a great idea for lowered vehicles or sports cars that could bump into a parking curb.

Specifications

If you have read many of our articles, then you know by now that some companies like to play games with specifications. The worst offenders are the guys that rate head unit amplifier power. They put 45, 50 or 53 watt labels on the radio when, in fact, most produce no more than 18 to 22 watts of undistorted power. Look through the owner’s manual for the CEA-2006A compliant power specification for your vehicle. If you want to compare power, that’s the only specification you should consider.

Another important specification is preamp voltage. Nobody plays games with this specification any more, but you do want to look for a good, strong pre-amp if you plan on adding amplifiers. Look for a rating of 4 volts or more.

Why is this important? While it doesn’t make your amplifier play any louder, it does let your installer turn down the sensitivity adjustment on your amps, so you get all the power with potentially less background noise.

Integration

Head Unit
The Maestro Interface allows control of vehicle settings via the head unit.

Factory-installed source units often include different forms of vehicle integration features. The simplest are steering wheel audio controls. Thankfully, almost all quality source units can be made to work with factory controls via an external interface. If your factory radio also serves as the control screen for your heater and air conditioning, or for vehicle settings like headlight reminders, then fear not: The iDataLink Maestro system can talk to your vehicle and let you see what’s going on via the touchscreen of your multimedia radio. Axxess, a division of Metra Electronics, will be launching a similar interface very shortly.

Interface

Head Unit
How you interface with the radio is one of the most important aspects of head unit selection.

Above all else, the first thing you want to do after you have narrowed down your source unit options is to try them out. Is there a rotary or push-button volume control? If it’s push-button, does it respond fast enough if you want to turn the volume down quickly? Can you easily pair a new phone to the radio? Can you adjust the bass and treble? Set radio station presets? Make a phone call? You will want to spend a few minutes in the store playing with the radio to make sure it’s easy and safe to use while driving – not all of them are.

There are hundreds of different source units on the market, and your local car audio specialist can help you navigate all the options. There are still many more features and options that your salesperson can discuss with you, so work with your local car audio specialist retailer to make sure you get the radio that meets your needs.

This article is written and produced by the team at www.BestCarAudio.com. Reproduction or use of any kind is prohibited without the express written permission of 1sixty8 media.

Filed Under: ARTICLES, Backup Safety, Bluetooth, Car Audio, Navigation, RESOURCE LIBRARY, Satellite Radio

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